"Simpson's paradox, or the Yule–Simpson effect, is a paradox in probability and statistics, in which a trend that appears in different groups of data disappears or reverses when these groups are combined. It is sometimes given the impersonal title reversal paradox or amalgamation paradox.[1] This result is often encountered in social-science and medical-science statistics,[2] and is particularly confounding when frequency data are unduly given causal interpretations.[3] Simpson's paradox disappears when causal relations are brought into consideration. Many statisticians believe that the mainstream public should be informed of the counter-intuitive results in statistics such as Simpson's paradox." -- Super interesting. The Berkeley 1973 sexism lawsuit is a perfect example to understand this. #statistics #paradox #probability #science #data #bias #contrary_to_common_sense #@references #@memorize #interesting #from #delicious #pub